In severe cases, the excess tissue may cover the crowns of the teeth, thus causing functional, esthetic, and periodontal problems, such as bone loss and bleeding, due to the presence of. Treatment of massive labial and gingival hypertrophy in a. A case of a 19yearold male presenting with maxillary and mandibular chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement associated with prolonged orthodontic therapy is reported here. This condition is also known as gingival overgrowth, hypertrophic gingivitis or gingival hypertrophy. Gingival enlargement is an increase in the size of the gingiva gums. In puberty and pregnancy, hyperplasia of the gingival tissues may.
Gingival enlargement classificationdental health tips. There are several types available, which will be discussed further down but two of the most important ones are the one induced by. Gingival overgrowth, hypertrophic gingivitis, gingival. This is a case report of a patient with idiopathic gingival hyperplasia and an undiagnosed genetic disorder that demonstrated static encephalopathy, mental retardation, developmental delay, seizures, hypotonia, and severe gingival hypertrophy. Gingival overgrowth may be an adverse effect of various systemic medications. Widespread hemorrhagic hyperplasia involving the free gingiva and almost all teeth both in the vestibular and lingual sides were observed on the intraoral. To get the facts on exactly how to eliminate your uterine fibroids from the root 100% naturally and permanently and achieve lasting freedom from pcos related symptoms without spending your hardearned money on drugs and over the counters. Gingival hypertrophy is a complication of cyclosporine therapy that affects one fourth to one third of patients receiving renal or cardiac transplants who receive traditional therapy 1. Chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement associated with.
Gingival enlargement can be caused by a number of factors, including inflammatory conditions and the side effects of certain medications. As the free gingiva becomes inflamed reaction to dental plaque on the crown of the tooth, it starts to. Pdf treatment of gingival enlargement researchgate. Gingival enlargement, also synonymous with the terms gingival hyperplasia or hypertrophy, is defined as an abnormal overgrowth of gingival tissues.
Therefore, the response of the periodontium in oral contraceptive induced gingival overgrowth is. Gingival hypertrophy in a patient of acute biphenotypic leukemia. Relationship between amphetamine ingestion and gingival. Posts about gingival hypertrophy written by avinash deo. In some pathological conditions, gingivitis caused by plaque accumulation can be more severe. Gingival enlargement or hypertrophy are the two other terms used to describe the condition. An enlargement of the gingiva due to an increase in the size of cells according to the glossary of periodontal terms, 4th edition, 2001. Longitudinal evaluation of free autogenous gingival graft. Treatment of cyclosporineinduced gingival hypertrophy. An increase in size of the gingiva is a common feature of gingival disease.
Surgical therapy was carried out to provide a good. It can be seen inside the mouth as small and whitish bulge. Abvp and elizabeth mcmorran, drmedvet for the education center. A 21 year old male presented with fever, weakness and petechiae. Gingival cyst, also known as epsteins pearl, is a type of cysts of the jaws that originates from the dental lamina and is found in the mouth parts. A wide range of causes have been attributed to gingival overgrowth. In severe cases functional, periodontal, esthetic and psychological problems may occur. Gingival enlargement or overgrowth is a common disease of gingiva. An overgrowth or increase in size of the gingiva gingival hyperplasia. He was diagnosed to have a acute biphenotypic leukaemia on a bone marrow. The incidence of this adverse effect is lower with the new formulation of cyclosporine, which is based on a microemulsion technology 2. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis.
Gingival hyperplasia for a problem that is so common, there is really not very much in the veterinary literature on this odd condition, so it seems time for me to tell you a bit about my understanding of gingival hyperplasia, what brings it about, why it is a concern and how we manage it. Healthy gums are pale pink or pigmented, and wrap tightly around the neck of the teeth. In more severe cases, your gums can completely cover your teeth, making it difficult to maintain effective oral hygiene. Acute form of gingival enlargement includes abscesses of the periodontium. Learn the shocking truth about uterine fibroids, drugs and surgeries.
Gingival enlargement or gingival overgrowth, a common trait of gingival disease, is characterized by an increase in the size of gingiva. Introduction gingival enlargement is a common feature of gingival disease and may be caused by fibrous overgrowth or gingival inflammation or a combination of two. Drug induced gingival enlargement article pdf available in journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research 81. Gingival hyperplasia in acute leukemia stanford medicine. The american academy of periodontology classifies gingival disease as a major group of periodontal diseases and distinguishes two main subgroups, those gingival diseases induced by dental plaque and those attributed to other causes. Fibromatous gingival hypeeteophy eeport of two oases mikio m. Histopathological evaluation of a gingivalbiopsy specimen revealed a myeloblastoma. Gingival hyperplasia treatment, symptoms, causes, pictures. Gingival gum enlargement, also known as gingival hyperplasia or hypertrophy, is an abnormal overgrowth of gingival tissues. Gingival fibromatosis gf is a rare condition characterized by pathological, diffuse or local growth of gingiva.
Treatment of massive labial and gingival hypertrophy in a patient with infantile systemic hyalinosisa case report. The classification presented below is from development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions by gc armitage, dds 1999 and is used by the american academy of periodontology aap. Hypertrophy is one of the ways cells grow to adapt to changes in their environment, and it can be both a good and a bad thing. The use of free gingival grafts for aesthetic purposes. It may be caused by gum inflammation and periodontal disease. The whitecell count was 10,300 per cubic millimeter, the hematocrit was 26%, and the platelet count was 81,000. Acute and chronic inflammation, generally associated with periodontal disease, can cause generalized or focal gingival enlargement, which may then cause a. Depending on the ages in which they develop, the cysts are classified into gingival cyst of newborn or infant and gingival cyst of adult. Gingivitis classification is useful for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment planning. Gingival hypertrophy, gingival hyperplasia definition of. Pdf gingival enlargement is an increase in the size or inflammation of.
The condition may be related to hereditary factors and occurs as a nonsyndromic hereditary gingival fibromatosis hgf or as a part of a syndrome. Gingival hyperplasia hypertrophy is a rather common condition. One of the rarest sites of extramedullary involvement is the oral cavity, with only 5% or less of all patients with aml present with gum infiltration. Extramedullary involvement of leukemia can occur in up to 40% of patients. Definition increase in size of gingiva or gingival overgrowth. Gingival hyperplasia is a medical condition in which the gums increase in size. It is an inherited autosomal dominant trait that is low in incidence resulting in gingival overgrowth due to excessive collagen production in the gingival corium. Drug induced overgrowth commonly occurs following medications prescribed for non dental causes. An enlargement of the gingiva due to an increase in the number of cells gingival hypertrophy. Gingiva overgrowth an overview sciencedirect topics. Originally published in veterinary practice news, october 2016 download as a pdf gingival hyperplasia and hypertrophy are histologic terms used often to describe the clinical appearance of gingival enlargement, an increase in the size or thickness of the gingiva. Pdf on jul 26, 2019, shruti bhatnagar and others published treatment of gingival enlargement find, read and cite all the research you need on.
Gingival hypertrophy symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment information for gingival hypertrophy oculodental syndrome with alternative diagnoses, fulltext book chapters, misdiagnosis, research treatments, prevention, and prognosis. The duration of taking the medication ranged from 5 months to 27 months, with dosages ranging from 5 mg to 30 mg per day. Crowns of teeth are often partially or completely covered by the hyperplastic gingiva forming a potential space or pocket between the gingiva and the crown where plaque is. Gingival hyperplasia is a disease in which the gum tissues overgrow abnormally. Gingival hypertrophy is the abnormal enlargement of the gums. Gingival enlargement, also mistakenly used synonymously with gingival hypertrophy and gingival hyperplasia, describes a condition that occurs when the size of the gingiva increases. The clinical dental management and attempts to obtain a genetic diagnosis are described. Druginduced gingival enlargement is the term now used to describe medicationrelated gingival hypertrophy or hyperplasia, a condition commonly induced by three main classes of drugs. Many people with gingival hypertrophy experience bleeding from the gums and pain when eating. This article revises the existing knowledge of different types of enlargements and highlights some important diagnostic. Inflamedgingival tissues are capable of metabolizing sex hormones to active metabolites at higher rate, thus, local irritants may exaggerate oral contraceptive induced gingival changes. Top causes of gingival enlargement and treatment options. Gingival hyperplasia typically refers to the increase in the number of cells, whereas gingival hypertrophy deals with the increase in cell size.
They arc usually classified as local or diffuse on the basis of morphologic features and as inflammatory, symptomatic, or neoplasmic from the. There are several causes of gingival enlargement and they can be grouped into four categories. Gingival overgrowth go or gingival enlargement previously called gingival hyperplasia or gingival hypertrophy is characterized by enlarged gingival tissue with lobulated appearance that gradually extends along the labial, lingual, and coronal aspects to cover the. In this lesson, learn about the types of hypertrophy, their causes. Gingival hypertrophy and anemiadiagnosis hematology. These microscopic distinctions are both indicative of a disease process. These are strictly clinical descriptive terms, and they avoid the erroneous pathologic connotations of terms used in the past, such as hypertrophic gingivitis and gingival hyperplasia. Gingival hypertrophy definition of gingival hypertrophy. In clinical dentistry, patients frequently report with isolatedregional or generalized gingival enlargements, which could fall under varied presentations. The condition can be caused by medications, a systemic disease, poor oral hygiene, or a congenital disorder called occulodental syndrome.
Gingival enlargement also known as gingival hyperplasia, gingival hypertrophy, gingival overgrowth, hypertrophic gingivitis which is caused with the increase in the size of gingiva is called as gingival enlargement. Gingival hypertrophy is estimated to affect 25% to 81% of patients taking cyclosporine and usually manifests within 6 months of initiation of treatment. Gingival fibromatosis is a rare and heterogeneous group of disorders that develop as slowly progressive, local or diffuse enlargements within marginal and attached gingiva or interdental papilla. The diagnosis of these lesions is essential for their successful management and of the patient as a whole. In july, 2015 the aap announced a focused update that addresses three specific areas of. The accepted current terms for this condition are gingival enlargement and gingival overgrowth.
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